Retirement profile
Retirement age
The age at which you plan to stop working and begin drawing on your savings.
Life expectancy
How long you plan to fund. The SSA estimates an average 65-year-old lives to ~85. For a comfortable safety margin, most planners use 90–95.
Example: If you're healthy and have longevity in your family, use 95.
Total retirement savings
The sum of all investable retirement accounts: 401k, IRA, Roth IRA, brokerage, etc. Do not include home equity or illiquid assets unless you plan to sell them.
Withdrawal strategy
Fixed annual amount
You withdraw the same dollar amount every year, adjusted for inflation. Predictable but may deplete savings faster in down markets.
Percentage of savings
You withdraw a fixed percentage of your current portfolio value each year. The 4% rule (Bengen, 1994) suggests this rate is sustainable over 30 years for a balanced portfolio.
Investment return
Expected annual return on your retirement portfolio. Retirees typically hold a more conservative mix (60/40 or less). 4–6% is a common assumption.
Inflation rate
How much your purchasing power erodes each year. The Fed targets 2%. Historical average since 1926 is ~3%. Your withdrawal needs grow with inflation over time.
Social Security & other income
Monthly SS benefit
Your estimated monthly Social Security benefit. Get your personalized estimate at ssa.gov/myaccount. Benefits are based on your 35 highest-earning years.
Benefit start age
Age 62 is the earliest (reduced benefit). Full Retirement Age (FRA) is 67 for those born after 1960. Delaying to 70 increases your benefit by ~8% per year after FRA.
Pension / annuity
Guaranteed income from a defined-benefit pension, annuity contract, or similar. This is an annual amount, paid for life regardless of portfolio performance.
Taxes
Pre-tax savings
Traditional 401k and IRA withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income. RMDs begin at age 73. Your effective rate depends on total income — SS may also become partially taxable above certain thresholds.
Roth savings
Qualified Roth withdrawals are federal income tax-free. No RMDs apply during your lifetime. Especially powerful if you expect higher taxes in retirement than today.
Effective tax rate
Your blended federal + state rate on withdrawals. Not your marginal rate — the effective (average) rate across all income is often 12–22% for most retirees.
Example: $60k total income in retirement with standard deduction may result in an effective rate near 10–14%.